Sir Francis Beaufort (1774-1857) was an English admiral and hydrographer who devised and gave his name to a scale of wind velocity, the Beaufort scale or Beaufort's scale. The scale ranges from nought or zero (eg. calm, or conditions in which smoke rises vertically) to twelve (hurricane force winds above seventy-five mph).
Beaufort devised his scale in 1805 ( the year of the Battle of Trafalgar) and became the official hydrographer to the Royal Navy in 1829.
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